Application Isolation Techniques in
Different PaaS Implementations

Cloud Foundry cgroups (via Warden) [source]
Docker LXC, cgroups [source]
Heroku LXC [source]
OpenShift SELinux/MCS, cgroups [source]
Stackato LXC, AppArmor [source]

(The above table doesn’t capture all the details of isolation, but should at least tell the rough design.)

Interesting read: Are LXC containers enough?